Uzbekistan, located in Central Asia, has a very rich and diverse flora. The landscape of Uzbekistan is formed by deserts and steppes, mountains and lowlands, reed forests and tugai thickets in river floodplains. The flora of Uzbekistan has about 4000 species of various plants from ornamental to medicinal. Among them – 492 cultivated and cultivated plants from 79 families. About 577 wild-growing species are medicinal plants.
In the vegetation landscape of Uzbekistan, 4 high-altitude fields can be distinguished, each of which has its own unique type of vegetation: deserts and plains – “chul”, mountains – “tau”, foothills and hills – “adyr”, highlands – “yaylau” or “dzheylau”. You can enjoy this diversity during your trip in Uzbekistan.
Compositae, legumes, cereals, labiales, cruciferous, umbellate, haze, lily, buckwheat, clove, borage, rosaceous are the richest in species in the flora of the republic.
A diverse set of herbs is presented in Uzbekistan, among which there are many essential oil ones: clary sage, ziziphora, tannins: rhubarb, sorrel. Ephemeral plants from cruciferous, legumes and cereals grow in the south of Kashkadarya and Surkhandarya. Cultural vegetation is richly represented in the oases of the republic, primarily cotton. Of the cereals, in addition to wheat and barley, rice is cultivated, especially in the lower reaches of the Amu Darya. Since ancient times, various fruits, vegetables, melons have been grown in Uzbekistan.
The largest number of flora grows in the foothills and mountainous regions of the country. Desert vegetation is presented in a typical form in the Hungry and Karshi steppes: desert sedge and life-giving bluegrass, ebelek, gentian, various onions, buttercups, wormwood, tulip, poppy and a number of others, forming whole flower carpets.
Tugai, tree and shrub vegetation is developed in the valleys and floodplains of the rivers of Uzbekistan. Here grows poplar, willow, narrow-leaved sucker (jida), various types of shrubs – comb (yulgun) and prickly halimondendron.
