The Medieval Fortress of Amul in Turkmenabat, carries rich historical significance. The city of Amul emerged as an important trade post along the Silk Road, connecting major trade routes between Central Asia, the Persian Empire, and China.
Located near the Amu Darya River, Amul controlled a crucial section of the Silk Road. The river crossing allowed for the flow of goods like silk, spices, and other luxuries, with the fortress guarding this economically vital route.
The Mongol invasion under Сhengis Khan in the 13th century led to the destruction of the city, including much of the fortress. After the Mongol conquest, Amul’s importance declined as new trade routes bypassed the city, and it gradually transformed into a smaller settlement known today as Turkmenabat.
The fortress, like many medieval Central Asian citadels, features mud-brick walls and watchtowers, designed for both defensive and administrative purposes. Rectangular in shape, the fortress was fortified with thick, high walls to protect against raids. Towers at regular intervals gave defenders strategic vantage points over the river and surrounding plains.
Today, the fortress is in ruins, with remnants of the walls, gate foundations, and parts of the watchtowers still visible. While it no longer serves a defensive role, the remains convey a vivid sense of Amul’s significance and resilience.
